Day 1 According to PMS Schedule

13^th April 2020 Syllabus

Pakistan Studies

Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi

Note: This Topic has also been discussed in Youtube channel “Brainiacs Educationists”

Introduction: Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi is regarded as the one of the great Muslim reformers. He rendered his life for the rejuvenation of Islamic values in the sub-continent. He made enormous contributions to the protection of Muslim society from un-Islamic trends and values. A plethora of factors had wreaked the cultural and religious identity of the Muslims. Sheikh Ahmad rose to the situation and with his unflinching efforts he persuaded the Muslims to return to purest form of Islam. For his untiring efforts he is revered as Mujadid Alf Sani (reformer of the second millennium).

Early Life: Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi was born in Sirhind on June 26, 1564. He belonged to a devout Muslim family that claimed descent from Hazrat Umar Farooq (R.A). His father Sheikh Abdul Ahad was a well-known sufi of his time. Sheikh Ahmad received his basic education at home. His initial instructions in the Holy Quran, Hadith and theology were rendered in Sirhind and Sialkot. Later, he devoted most of his time to the study of Hadith, Tafseer and philosophy. He worked for some time in Lahore as well but most of his time was spent in Sirhind. At the age of 36, he went to Delhi and joined Silsilah Naqshbandiya under the discipleship of Khawaja Baqi Billah.

Evils of Muslim Society: The revival movement of Sheikh Ahmad Sirhindi crusaded against all evils prevailing in the socio-politico-religious sphere of the community of India in the time of Akbar. Religiously, his movement became an antithesis of Akbar’s Divine faith and his philosophy as irreconcilable to Akbar’s reconciliation with Hinduism and Christianity.

Socially, the Muslims community had become a victim to adulteration with socio-religious practices of Hinduism. The enforcement of Din-e-Elahi badly affected the Muslim fundamentalism and their spirit towards Islam.

Politically, the Akbar’s concept of sovereignty such as Zil-e-Elahi made another attack to Islamic concepts of sovereignty of Allah and the practice of prostration before the emperor demoralized the Islamic concept of the supremacy of God.

Spiritually, and ideologically, the Muslims were discomfited and scattered the result of these was:

(i) Muslim society was saddening with un-Islamic practices and trends. Under the Hindu influence a firm and widespread belief in Karamat had developed in the society which misguided the people.

(ii) In Sufism many means of developing magical and supernatural power alien to Islam had been developed. The mysteries and Sufis of those days openly divided the authenticity of Shariah. They even proudly manifested their indifference towards the Sunnah.

(iii) Ulamas the theologians ceased to refer to the Quran and hadith in their commentarial and considered jurisprudence as the only religious knowledge.

(iv) Akbar promoted Hinduism by marrying Hindu ladies and by giving high posts to Hindus in his court.

Revival Efforts of Sheikh Ahmad:

·        He sent a number of his disciples in all direction to preach true Islam. He asked them to emphasize on Ittiba-i-Sunnah and the commandments of Sharia in their sermons and preaching. The work was vigorously pursued in India and neighboring countries.

·        He also began correspondence with the prominent scholars of all Muslim countries in his letters he emphasized and explained the religious doctrines and out great stress on the Ittiba-i-Sunnah.

·        Sheikh Ahmad was greatly opposed to the concepts of atheism and openly denounced un-Islamic practices. He emphasized on the concepts of Tauheed.

·        He exposed the fallacy of Din-i-Elahi and came out to curb the influence of its satanic creed.

·        He declared that the mysticism without Shariah was misleading and denounced those Ulamas who had questioned the authenticity of Shariah.

·        He labored diligently settle the differences between the scholars and the mysteries.

·        In the time of Jahangir, Sheikh Ahmad was successful to a great extent to extract a solemn undertaking from the Muslims that they would not obey any orders repugnant to Islam.

·        He persuaded Muslims to adopt simple habits in the light of Islam and Sunnah. He revealed the importance of Namaz and fasting.

Wahdat-Ul-Wajud and Wahdat-Ul-Shahud:

The philosophy of Wahdat-ul-Wajud was presented by some Sufis of Akbar’s era. They believed that there was no living difference between the man and his creator God and both, individual and God are not separated by each other. They also advocated that every particle of the universe represented the presence of God and therefore, the worship of God’s creatures amounted to worship of God.

      Sheikh Ahmad openly negated this philosophy and declared it as ultra vises to the principles of Islam. He presented his Philosophy of Wahdat-ul-Shahud which meant that the creator and creatures were two different and separate entitie.

Conclusion: Sheikh Ahmad, the most forceful and original thinker produced by Muslim India before the days of Shah Waliullah and Iqbal, occupies a high place not only in Muslim India but in the entire Muslim world. He was the first man who could be called as a propounded of Muslim Ummah. The swing of balance from heterodoxy was in considerable measure, due to the influence and teaching of Mujadad Alf Sani. The movement of Majadad Alf Sani restored Sharia and Islam. His revival movement opened new avenues towards pan-Islamic. It was under the influence of this movement that the future movements of Shah Waliullah and Syed Ahmad Shaheed which ultimately made their head way to the destination of Pakistan movement.

                      CONSULTED FROM : KIPS Pakistan Affairs 

English

Exercise 1

1. It is very hot today 1. آج بہت گرمی ہے۔

2. Dilawar is my sincere friend. 2. دلاور میرا مخلص دوست ہے

3. He is a bit hard of hearing. 3. وہ کچھ اونچا سنتا ہے۔

4. Is Aslam out of sorts? 4. کیا اسلم کی طبیعت خراب ہے؟

5. Is it cloudy today? 5. کیا آج مطلع ابر آلود ہے؟

6. This light is not dim. 6. یہ روشنی مدھم نہیں ہے۔

7. A friend in need is a friend indeed. 7. دوست وہ جو مصیبت میں کام آئے۔

8. Necessity is the mother of invention. 8. ضرورت ایجاد کی ماں ہے۔

9. His honesty is above board. 9. اسکی ایمانداری پر کسی کو شک و شبہ نہیں۔

10. English is the language of English. 10. انگریزی انگریزوں کی زبان ہے۔ 

11. Is he true to his words? 11. کیا وہ وعدے کا پکا ہے؟

12. Our house is very comfortable. 12. ہمارا مکان بہت آرامدہ ہے۔

13. Is the car in motion? 13. کیا گاڑی چل رہی ہے؟

14. Union is strength. 14. اتفاق میں برکت ہے۔ 

15. Is your servant loyal? 15. کیا تمہارا نوکر نمک حلال ہے؟ 

16. He is an idle boy OR He is good at nothing. 16. وہ تو نکما لڑکا ہے۔

17. This servant is not disloyal. 17. یہ نوکر نمک حرام نہیں ہے؟ 

18. His eyes are not sore. 18. اسکی آنکھیں نہیں دکھتی ہیں۔ 

19. Pakistan is a fertile land. 19. پاکستان ایک زرخیز ملک ہے۔ 

20. Aslam is my sworn enemy. 20. اسلم میرا جانی دشمن ہے۔ 

Exercise 2

1. The medicine was bitter. 1. دوا کڑوی تھی۔ 

2. He was hard of hearing.  2. وہ کچھ اونچا سنتا تھا۔ 

3. It was unpleasant yesterday. 3. کل موسم خراب تھا۔ 

4. Sultan Mehmud was a just king. 4. سلطان محمود ایک انصاف پرور بادشاہ تھا۔  

5. You were late from the school. 5. تمہیں سکول سے دیر ہو گئی تھی۔  

6. He was long sighted. 6. اسے دور سے اچھا دکھائی دیتا تھا۔ 

7. Was it close yesterday? 7. کیا کل ہوا بند تھی؟ 

8. Was Aslam’s house at stone’s throw from the hospital?کیا اسلم کا گھر اسپتال کے بہت قریب تھا؟

9. My friend was not a shirker.میرا دوست کام چور نہ تھا

10. Hindus were not well-wisher of Akbar.ہندو اکبر کے خیرخواہ نہ تھے

11. Were his habits not good?کیا اسکی عادتیں اچھی نہ تھیں؟

12. Hafeez was a dutiful boy.حفیظ ایک فرض شناس لڑکا تھا

13. You were not present in the meeting.تم جلسے میں حاضر نہ تھے

14. They were not on speaking terms.انکی آپس میں بول چال نہ تھی

15. Was the way not full of danger?کیا راستہ پر خطر تھا؟

16. Was the sum sufficient?کیا وہ رقم کافی تھی؟

17. I was in a strange fix.میں ایک عجیب الجھن میں تھا

18. Was that story interesting?کیا وہ کہانی دلچسپ تھی؟

19. His brother was very talkative.اس کا بھائی بہت باتونی تھا

20. You were only guilty.تم ہی تو قصور وار تھے

Exercise 3

1. I have a wrist watch. میرے پاس کلائی کی گھڑی ہے

2. A watch has two hands.ایک گھڑی کی دو سوئیاں ہوتی ہے

3. An elephant has two big ears like fans.ہاتھی کے دو پنکھوں جیسے بڑے بڑے کان ہوتے ہیں

4. I have a very useful dictionary.میرے پاس بہت مفید لغت ہے

5. They have no spare time.ان کے پاس فالتو وقت نہیں ہے

6. I have bad cold and fever.مجھے زکام اور بخار ہے

7. We had a holiday yesterday.کل ہمیں چھٹی تھی۔

8. Have you a change for Rs.50?کیا آپکے پاس پچاس روپے کی ریزگاری ہے؟

9. He has always his own way.وہ ہمیشہ اپنی من مانی کرتا ہے

10. The patient had a hot bath. مریض نے گرم پانی سے غسل کیا۔

11. Has he a milch cow?کیا اس کے پاس دودھ دینے والی گائے ہے؟

12. Has your house three storeys?کیا آپ کے مکان کی تین منزلیں ہیں؟

13. I have no interest in this matter. مجھے اس معاملے میں کوئی دلچسپی نہیں

14. Nighat had curly hair.نگہت کے بال گھنگرالے ہیں

15. He had a narrow escape yesterday.کل وہ بال بال بچا

16. Has he slight fever?کیا اسے ہلکا بخار ہے؟

17. I have no sharp memory.میراحافظہ تیز نہیں ہے

18. Has this city any building worth-seeing?کیا اس شہر میں کوئی قابل دید عمارت نہیں ہے؟

19. Had you any complaint against me?کیا آپ کو میرے خلاف کوئی شکایت تھی؟

20. Our city has no blind lane.ہمارے شہر میں کوئی بند گلی نہیں ہے

Exercise 4

1. We get up early in the morning and go for a walk.ہم صبح سویرے اٹھتے اور سیر کو جاتے ہیں

2. Our school opens at 7 O’ clock and closes at 12:30  now-a-days.

آج کل ہمارا مدرسہ سات بجے کھلتا ہے اور ساڑھے بارہ بجے بند ہو جاتا ہے۔                                                

3. He goes to his village every Saturday evening.وہ ہر ہفتے کی شام اپنے گاؤں جاتا ہے

4. I do not like tight clothes.میں چست کپڑے پسند نہیں کرتا

5. I act upon my parent’s advice.میں اپنے والدین کی نصیحت پر عمل کرتا ہوں

6. The climate of this village does not suit me.اس گاؤں کی آب وہوا میرے موافق نہیں ہے

7. Who knocks at your door early in the morning?

آپ کے دروازے پر صبح سویرے کون دستک دیتا ہے                                                     

8. Our English teacher enlivens the lesson.ہمارے انگریزی کے استاد سبق میں جان ڈال دیتے ہیں

9. Where does this road lead to?یہ سڑک کدھر جاتی ہے؟

10. God helps those who help themselves.

خدا انکی مدد کرتا ہے جو اپنی مدد آپ کرتے ہیں۔یا ہمت مرداں مدد خدا                                                 

11. Why do you limp?تم لنگڑاتے کیوں ہو؟

12. Does Aslam learn this poem by heart?کیا اسلم یہ نظم زبانی یاد کرتا ہے؟

13. Noble boys do not disobey their parents.نیک لڑکے اپنے والدین کی حکم عدولی نہیں کرتے ۔

14. The doctor feels the pulse of the patient. ڈاکٹر صاحب مریض کی نبض دیکھتے ہیں

15. Do you reach school in time?کیا تم وقت پر سکول پہنچ جاتے ہو؟

16. Do you prefer swimming to running?کیا تم تیرنے کو دوڑنے پر ترجیح دیتے ہو؟

17. The sun does not revolve round the earth.سورج زمین کے گرد نہیں گھومتا

18. Hardworking boys bring credit to their forefathers.

محنتی لڑکے اپنے باپ دادا کا نام روشن کرتے ہیں                                                              

19. Allah knows better.اللہ بہتر جانتا ہے

20. Who rings the bell?گھنٹی کون بجاتا ہے؟

21. Two and Two make four.دو اور دو چار ہوتے ہیں

22. Why do you get angry with me?تم میرے ساتھ ناراض کیوں ہوتے ہو؟

23. Why does he waste his precious time?وہ اپنا قیمتی وقت کیوں ضائع کرتا ہے؟

24. Why does he make a noise?وہ شور کیوں مچاتا ہے؟

25. Does the water boil in the kettle?کیا پانی دیگچی میں ابلتا ہے؟

                     From Imtiazi English Translation For Higher Classes             

Idioms: (Remember: PMS/CSS idiomatic sentences should be written in two to three lines so that the meaning of idiomatic phrase or word should be cleared. Don’t write as if you were in intermediate yet). One is solved as a sample. Remaining have been written with their meaning, solved them according to first one.

1. ABC: (بنیادی علم)Don’t ask me about chromosomes. You know that I have done my masters in Mathematics, I don’t know even the ABC of Biology.

2. Above Board:   (بغیر کسی شک و شبہ کے)

3. Add fuel to fire (جلتی پر تیل ڈالنا)

4. Add insult to injury(مزید بے عزتی کرنا)

5. After one’s own heart(اپنی مرضی کے مطابق )

6. A dark horse(چھپا رستم) 

7. All and Sundry (تمام طبقوں کے لوگ ،، خاص و عام) 

8. All at sea(گھبرا جانا)

9. All in All( با آختیار ، مطلق العنان)

10. Alladin’s lamp (الہ دین کا چراغ، جادوئی چیز جس سے خواہشات یک دم پوری کی جاسکتی ہوں)

11. Alpha and Omega(آغاز و آنجام)

12. Apple of discord(جھگڑے کا باعث) 

13. A man of letters(عالم) 

14. A hard nut to crack (مشکل کام) 

15. A rainy day(مشکل وقت )

16. A red letter day( خوشی کا دن)

17. An axe to grind(اپنا الو سیدھا کرنا) 

18. At stone’s throw(نہایت قریب) 

19. At arm’s length(کچھ دور )

20. At large(آزاد)

                                                From Functional English B.Com (From above 20 idioms three have been asked in Past Papers)

General Knowledge

Topic: UNO and its Organs

After the failure of League of Nations, delegates from 50 countries gathered at San Francisco, USA to establish a new international organization on 25^th June, 1945 at the end of World War II. At least on 24^th October, 1945 United Nation Organization (UNO) established with starting members of 150.

·         UNO established on 24^th October 1945

·         UNO’s official languages are Russian, Spanish, English, Chinese, French and Arabic

·         Institutes of UNO are called its organs. UNO has six main organs.

·         Now-a-days UNO has 193 members and two observers

·         Pakistan’s first envoy to UNO was Ahmad Shah Patras Bukhari

·         Now, Pakistan’s envoy to UNO is Munir Akram (Munir Akram has served as Security Councel’s president)

·         UNO’s current budget is 5.7 Billion Dollar

·         USA gives maximum (About 45%) budget of UNO

UNO’s Organs: 1. General Assembly:

·         All member countries are also member of this forum.

·         For passing any resolution, two-third majority is required in General Assembly

·         General Assembly is located in New York, USA

2. Security Council:

·         Security council has 15 members

·         5 members are permanent are called P-5. These are USA, Russia, China, UK and France

·         10 members are temporary and are elected after every two years.

·         All important issues are considered by this organ. Permanent members has power to veto any resolution which means a single vote can reverse the decision of hundred members.

·         Russia used veto power greater than other four. (Almost 107 Times) US used veto power for 79 times

·         US amazed the whole world by not using veto power a resolution against Israel in 2012.

·         Security Council is also located in New York, USA

3. Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC):

·         This organ or institute is for science, education, health etc. It has 27 members.

·         No permanent members. 9 members have to retire after every three years

·         Mona Juul is the current president of ECOSOC belongs to Norway

·         This organ used maximum budget of UNO

4. Specialized Agencies:

·         Its purpose is for monitoring a specific area or region

·         It includes permanent security council and one nominated country

·         Its headquarter is located in New York, USA

5. International Court of Justice (ICJ):

·         It is located in Peace Palace, The Hague, a city in Netherlands

·         It has 15 judges selected for 9 years

·         It is the only organ not located  in New York

·         Zafrullah Khan was the only Pakistani who became the judge of ICJ in 1954

·         Kulbhushan case verdict by ICJ was declared on 17 July 2019.

6. Secretariat:

·         Management and monitoring of records is the responsibility of Secreatriat

·         It is located in New York, USA

·         Its Head is called Secretary General who is the most powerful person in UN

·         Antonio Guteress is the current Secretary General of UN belongs to Portugal

·         Secretary General is selected from in specific order from all the continents

·         Last Secretary General was from South Korea, Asia and was Ban Ki Moon

·         U Thant (Belongs to Burma) was the first Asian Secretary General

·         Secretary General is selected for 5 years

·         Secretary General lives in Sutton Palace, Manhattan New York

·         Manhattan is a famous street in New York famous for Diplomats and Diplomacy

·         Security council nominates and General Assembly appoints the Secretary General

·         Trygve Lie was the first Secretary General of UN belongs to Norway

·         There are 9 Secretary Generals of UN till the date

·         Kofi Annan was the only Secretary General from Africa belongs to Ghana and received Nobel Peace Prize

Islamiyat: Do yourself from any book which enlightens the Arkan-e-Islam. Remember your Answer of the questions should be arranged well and adorned with references of Ahadith and Qurani Verses.

Remember: Read an Article daily from AN International Newspaper. Watch Documentaries on Al Jazeera BBC etc. Read a book Daily.
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