4th May
2020 Syllabus
General
Knowledge
Topic: Five
Countries
Japan:
·
Japan
is a country in East Asia with an area of 378000 square km and population
128000000 approx
·
Tokyo
is the capital of Japan. Japanese it its official language. Japanese Yen is the
official currency. Japan is the world’s third largest economy
·
Japan
is an island country. It comprises almost 7000 islands with 5 main islands.
Japan shares maritime borders with China, Taiwan, Russia, South Korea, North
Korea and Northern Mariana Islands (US)
·
Formerly
Japan was known as Nihon or Nippon which means land of rising sun. Osaka,
Yokohama, Toshiba are some famous cities
·
Tokyo
(Formerly known as Kyoto) is the most populous city of the world with
population more than 37 million
·
The
world’s oldest Monarchy is in Japan. Naruhito is the current King of Japan.
Shinzo Abe is the Prime minister of Japan. Diet is the parliament of Japan
·
Japanese
are considered as the most intelligence people of the world after Singaporean.
They have the highest life expectancy rate. Japan is famous for Robots and
Bullet Trains.
·
PSIA
is intelligence agency of Japan and Kyodo is news agency of Japan. Shinto is
the largest religion in Japan
·
In
2011 Tsunami, 16000 people were killed in Japan. Japan is located at the Rings
of Fire in Pacific Ocean (An imaginary circle drawn to identify active
volcanoes in the region)
·
Japan
and Russia still have not signed Treaty of Peace due to dispute over Kuril
Islands
·
Hideki
Tojo was the Prime minister of Japan during WWII. Japan attacked US’ naval base
Pearl Harbor during World War II
·
Japan’s
cities Hiroshima and Nagasaki were hit by Nuclear Attack in World War II on August
1945. The name of Bomb was Little Boy. Japan starting conquering from Eastern
Asia in World War II and reached Burma.
Jordan:
·
Jordan
is a Muslim country in the Middle East bordering with Saudi Arabia, Palestine,
Israel, Syria and Iraq
·
It
has an area of 89000 square km approx. and population of 10000000 approx.
·
Amman
is the capital of Jordan. Arabic is its official language while Jordanian Dinar
is official currency
·
Shah
Abdullah II is the King of Jordan and Omar Razzaz is the Prime minister of Jordan
·
GID
is intelligence agency of Jordan while JNA is news agency
Kazakhstan:
·
Kazakhstan
is the largest Muslim country with respect to area. It has an area of 2724900
square km approx and population 20000000 approx
·
Almate
is the largest city of Kazakhstan while Nur-Sultan (formerly known as Astana)
is its capital. Tenga is its official currency. Cyrillic and Latin are official
languages
·
It
separated from USSR (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) in December 1991.
Current President of Kazakhstan is Kassym Jomart Tokayev.
·
FIS
is secret agency of Kazakhstan. Mazhills is the National Assemby
·
It
is the world’s largest landlocked country and overall 9th in the
rank
·
It
is the most dominant country in Central Asia with 60% of the region’s GDP due
to its Oil and Gas resources. It has also vast mineral resources
·
It
shares borders with Russia, China, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan and Turkmenistan. It
has coastline with Caspian Sea (Largest Lake of the World).
·
Kazakhstan
is separated by a small strip having breadth less than 40km from Mongolia
Kenya:
·
Kenya
is a country in South-Eastern Africa. It shares borders with Tanzania, Somalia,
Uganda, South Sudan and Ethiopia. It has inland coastline with Lake Victoria
while coastline with Indian Ocean
·
Nairobi
is the capital of Kenya. Swahili and English are its official languages. Kenyan
Shilling is the currency of Kenya
·
Mombasa
is the oldest city of Kenya and formerly was the capital of Kenya.
·
Kenya
got independence from UK in December 1963. Current President of Kenya is Uhuru
Kenyatta.
·
NSIS
is the intelligence agency of Kenya while KNA is the news agency of Kenya
Kiribati:
·
Kiribati
is an island country in Oceania. It has a land area of 800 square km and population
almost 150000 approx.
·
Tarawa
is the capital of Kiribati. English and Gilbertese are the official languages.
Kiribati Dollar and Australian Dollar are currencies of Kiribati
·
It
got independence from July 1979 from UK. Current President Taanati Maamau
·
It
is also called as Gilbert Islands.
English
Exercise 1
پہلے شخص نے قاضی سے مخاطب ہو کر کہا۔ کچھ عرصہ ہوا کہ اس شخص نے مجھ
سے پچاس اشرفیاں ادھار مانگیں۔ میں نے یہ سمجھ کر کہ دوست وہی ہے جو مصیبت میں کام
آءے اشرفیاں اسے دے دیں۔ شرط یہ تھی کہ آءندہ ماہ کی پندرہ تک مجھے ادا کر دے مگر
جب وہ تاریخ آءی تو لگا بہانے کرنے۔ آج دوں گا کل دوں گا۔ میں بھی خاموش رہا۔ جب
میں نے قرض کی اداءیگی پر زور دیا تو اس نے صاف انکار کر دیا۔ اس لیے میں اسے لاکر
آپ کی خدمت میں حاضر کر دیاہے۔ یہ درست ہے کہ اشرفیاں دیتے وقت میں نے کسی کو گواہ
نہ بنایا۔ اب میں آپ سے درخواست کرتا ہوں کہ اسے حکم دیا جاءے کہ یا تو قرضہ فورا
ادا کرے اور یا حضور کے سامنے حلف اٹھاءے کہ میں اشرفیاں واپس دے چکاہوں۔ میں تاجر
ہوں۔ دیانت دار ہوں اور دیانت داری کی وجہ سے ہی میں نے تجارت میں اس قدر دولت
کماءی ہے۔
The first man addressed to the Judge
and said that some time back this man had asked for the loan of fifty coins
from me. I, thinking that a friend in need is a friend indeed, gave the coin to
him. The condition was that he would pay me back by the 15th of the
next month. When the fixed date arrived, he began to make excuses and
procrastinate. I also kept quiet. When I forced on the payment of the debt, he
refused point-blank. Therefore, I have brought him before you. It is right that
I did not make any witness while giving him the coins. Now I make an appeal to
you to order him that he should either pay the debt immediately or take an oath
before your majesty that he has given back the coins. I am a trader. I am
honest and I have earned so much money on account of honesty.
Exercise 2
بہت مدت ہوءی کسی گاوں میں ایک لڑکا رہتا تھا۔ جب وہ بڑا ہوا تو اس نے
دینی تعلیم حاصل کرنے کی خواہش ظاہر کی۔ ماں کو یہ سن کر بڑی خوشی ہوءی۔ اس نے اسے
تعلیم پانے کےلیے بغداد بھیج دیا۔ جاتے وقت ماں نے اس سے کہا ًہمیشہ سچ بولناً
لڑکا بغداد جانے والے ایک قافلے کے ساتھ ہو لیا۔ راستے میں ڈاکووں کے ایک گروہ نے
قافلے کو روک لیا اور سارا مال لوٹ لیا۔ ایک ڈاکو نے لڑکے سے پوچھا ًبتاو تمہارے
پاس کتنی نقدی ہے؟ً لڑکے نے جواب دیا میرے پاس چالیس اشرفیاں ہیں۔ ڈاکو کو یقین نہ
آیا۔ اور وہ اسے اپنے سردار کے پاس لے گیا۔ سردار نے بھی وہی سوال کیا۔ لڑکے نے
پھر وہی جواب دیا۔ اور اشرفیاں نکال کر سردار کے سامنے رکھ دیں اورکہا ًچلتے وقت
میری ماں نے سچ بولنے کی نصیحت کی تھی۔ً
Long ago there lived a boy in a
village. When he grew up, he wished to get religious education. His mother was
very pleased to hear this. She sent him to Baghdad to get education. At the
time of departure his mother said to him “Always speak the truth”. The boy
accompanied a caravan going to Baghdad. On the way a gang of dacoits stopped
the caravan and looted all the belongings. A dacoit asked the boy, “Tell me how
much cash do you have?” The boy answered, “I have forty coins.” The dacoit did
not believe him, and he took him to his chieftain. The chieftain put the same
question. The boy again gave the same reply and put the coins before the
chieftain and said, “At the time of departure, my mother advised me to speak
the truth.”
Exercise 3
ہر کام کرنے کے لیے ایک قاعدہ ہوتا ہے۔ ان کھیلوں کے بھی ضابطے اور
قاعدے مقرر ہیں۔ ٹیم کے ہر ممبر کا فرض ہے کہ وہ ایمانداری کے ساتھ انکی پابندی
کرے۔ یہی وہ بات ہے جو انسان کو انسان بناتی ہے۔ ان کھیلوں میں اگر کوءی جھگڑا ہو
جاءے تو اس کا فیصلہ امپاءر کرتا ہے۔ اس کا فیصلہ قانون کی حیثیت رکھتا ہے۔ جسے
توڑنے کی کوءی جرآت نہیں کر سکتا۔ حکومت کا دارومدار بھی اسی پر ہے۔ اگر ہر شخص
اپنی ہی راءے پر چلے اور حکومت کے احکام کو نہ مانے تو پھر سلطنت کے کاروبار
کیونکر چلیں؟ قانون کے بغیر نہ امن قاءم رہ سکتا ہے اور نہ ہی صحیح آزادی۔
There is a way of doing everything.
Rules and regulations are also fixed for these games. It is the duty of every
member of the team to abide by them honestly. It is the thing which makes one a
man. If a quarrel arises in these games, the umpire decides it. His decision
has the force of law which no one dares to break it. The government also depends
on it. If every person follows his own will and does not abide by the orders of
government, the affairs of the state cannot run. Without law, neither peace nor
true freedom can be maintained.
Exercise 4
گلاب ایک خوبصورت پھول ہے۔ دنیا میں بعض دوسرے پھول ایسے بھی ہیں جو
گلاب جتنی میٹھی خوشبو دیتے ہیں لیکن وہ اس کی طرح خوبصورت نہیں ہوتے۔ بعض پھول
گلاب کے پھول سے بھی زیادہ خوبصورت ہوتے ہیں لیکن ان کی خوشبو اتنی میٹھی نہیں
ہوتی جتنی کہ گلاب کی۔ یہی وجہ ہے کہ گلاب کو پھولوں کی ملکہ کہتے ہیں۔ دنیا کے
بیشتر حصوں میں گلاب جنگلوں میں اگتا ہے لیکن جنگلی گلاب نہ تو زیادہ بڑا ہوتا ہے
اور نہ ہی زیادہ خوبصورت۔ گلاب کی سنیکڑوں قسمیں ہیں بعض بڑے ہوتے ہیں اور بعض
چھوٹے۔ ان کے رنگ بھی مختلف ہوتے ہیں۔ بعض سفید ہوتے ہیب اور بعض سرخ، بعض سیاہ
ہوتے ہیں اور بعض پیلے۔ ایک رنگ ایسا بھی ہے جسے گلابی رنگ کہتے ہیں۔ یہ رنگ عام
طور پر بچوں کے گالوں میں دیکھا جاتا ہے۔
The rose is a lovely flower. These
are some other flowers in the world which smell as sweet as the rose but they
are not so beautiful. Some flowers are more beautiful than the rose but they do
not smell so sweet as the rose does. That is why the rose is called “The Queen
of Flowers”. In most parts of the world, the rose grows wild but the wild rose
is neither so big nor so beautiful. These are hundreds of varieties of rose.
Some are big and some are small. They are also of different colours. Some are
white and some are red, some are black and some are yellow. There is also a
colour which is called pink colour. This colour is generally seen in the cheeks
of children.
From Imtiazi
English Translation For Higher Classes
Sentence
Correction Rules (Do from any Graduation Book)
No comments:
Post a Comment